Selected research
Market Analysis & Forecast
Global Speedometer Needles Market Analysis and Forecast 2026-2032
Market perspective
The global Speedometer Needles market is projected to grow from US$ million in 2026 to US$ million by 2032, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of % during the forecast period.
Speedometer Needles's global sales reached XX (K Units) with a value of US$ XX Million, marking an change of XX% compared to the previous year. This performance has positioned Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory as the global sales leader, a title it has maintained for several consecutive years. Notably, Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory's performance in primary markets is also remarkable. In the Chinese market, sales were XX (K Units), a change of XX% from the previous year. In Europe, sales were XX (K Units), showing a year-on-year of XX%. In the US, sales were XX (K Units), a year-on-year change of XX%.
The major global manufacturers in the Speedometer Needles market include Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory, Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology, Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products, Visteon, Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL), Magneti Marelli, ISS Automotive, Imtronics Industries and Heiler Tachodesign, etc. In 2025, the top three vendors accounted for approximately % of the revenue.
Read the full market overview
In terms of production side, this report researches the Speedometer Needles production, growth rate, market share by manufacturers and by region (region level and country level), from 2021 to 2026, and forecast to 2032.
In terms of consumption side, this report focuses on the sales of Speedometer Needles by region (region level and country level), by Company, by Type and by Application. from 2021 to 2026 and forecast to 2032.
This report presents an overview of global market for Speedometer Needles, capacity, output, revenue and price. Analyses of the global market trends, with historic market revenue or sales data for 2021 - 2025, estimates for 2026, and projections of CAGR through 2032.
This report researches the key producers of Speedometer Needles, also provides the consumption of main regions and countries. Of the upcoming market potential for Speedometer Needles, and key regions or countries of focus to forecast this market into various segments and sub-segments. Country specific data and market value analysis for the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Brazil, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Germany, the U.K., Italy, Middle East, Africa, and Other Countries.
This report focuses on the Speedometer Needles sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking of main manufacturers, data from 2021 to 2026. Identification of the major stakeholders in the global Speedometer Needles market, and analysis of their competitive landscape and market positioning based on recent developments and segmental revenues. This report will help stakeholders to understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights and position their businesses and market strategies in a better way.
This report analyzes the segments data by Type and by Application, sales, revenue, and price, from 2021 to 2032. Evaluation and forecast the market size for Speedometer Needles sales, projected growth trends, production technology, application and end-user industry.
Speedometer Needles Segment by Company
Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory
Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology
Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products
Visteon
Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL)
Magneti Marelli
ISS Automotive
Imtronics Industries
Heiler Tachodesign
Denso
Delphi
Continental
Speedometer Needles Segment by Type
Mechanical Pointer
Electronic Pointer
Others
Speedometer Needles Segment by Application
Passenger Cars
Motorcycle
Commercial Vehicle
Speedometer Needles Segment by Region
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Spain
Netherlands
Switzerland
Sweden
Poland
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
Taiwan
Southeast Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Colombia
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Türkiye
GCC Countries
Study Objectives
1. To analyze and research the global status and future forecast, involving, production, value, consumption, growth rate (CAGR), market share, historical and forecast.
2. To present the key manufacturers, capacity, production, revenue, market share, and Recent Developments.
3. To split the breakdown data by regions, type, manufacturers, and Application.
4. To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints, and risks.
5. To identify significant trends, drivers, influence factors in global and regions.
6. To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
Reasons to Buy This Report
1. This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global Speedometer Needles market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
2. This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of Speedometer Needles and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
3. This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
4. This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market.
5. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally.
6. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of Speedometer Needles.
7. This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by type and by application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 2: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 3: Speedometer Needles production/output of global and key producers (regions/countries). It provides a quantitative analysis of the production, and development potential of each producer in the next six years.
Chapter 4: Sales (consumption), revenue of Speedometer Needles in global, regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 5: Detailed analysis of Speedometer Needles manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 6: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 7: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 8: Provides profiles of key manufacturers, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product descriptions and specifications, Speedometer Needles sales, revenue, price, gross margin, and recent development, etc.
Chapter 9: North America by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 10: Europe by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 11: China by type, by application, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 12: Asia (Excluding China) by type, by application and by region, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 13: South America, Middle East and Africa by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 14: Analysis of industrial chain, sales channel, key raw materials, distributors and customers.
Chapter 15: The main concluding insights of the report.
More report detail
Tables and figures
Scope & coverage.
Types
- Mechanical Pointer
- Electronic Pointer
- Others
Applications
- Passenger Cars
- Motorcycle
- Commercial Vehicle
Companies covered
- Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory
- Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology
- Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products
- Visteon
- Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL)
- Magneti Marelli
- ISS Automotive
- Imtronics Industries
- Heiler Tachodesign
- Denso
- Delphi
- Continental
Inside the report.
1 Market Overview
- 1.1 Product Definition
- 1.2 Speedometer Needles Market by Type
- 1.2.1 Global Speedometer Needles Market Size by Type, 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 1.2.2 Mechanical Pointer
- 1.2.3 Electronic Pointer
- 1.2.4 Others
- 1.3 Speedometer Needles Market by Application
- 1.3.1 Global Speedometer Needles Market Size by Application, 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 1.3.2 Passenger Cars
- 1.3.3 Motorcycle
- 1.3.4 Commercial Vehicle
- 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
- 1.5 Study Goals and Objectives
2 Speedometer Needles Market Dynamics
- 2.1 Speedometer Needles Industry Trends
- 2.2 Speedometer Needles Industry Drivers
- 2.3 Speedometer Needles Industry Opportunities and Challenges
- 2.4 Speedometer Needles Industry Restraints
3 Global Speedometer Needles Production Overview
- 3.1 Global Speedometer Needles Production Capacity (2021-2032)
- 3.2 Global Speedometer Needles Production by Region: 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 3.3 Global Speedometer Needles Production by Region
- 3.3.1 Global Speedometer Needles Production by Region (2021-2026)
- 3.3.2 Global Speedometer Needles Production by Region (2027-2032)
- 3.3.3 Global Speedometer Needles Production Market Share by Region (2021-2032)
- 3.4 North America
- 3.5 Europe
- 3.6 China
- 3.7 Japan
- 3.8 South Korea
- 3.9 India
4 Global Market Growth Prospects
- 4.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2021-2032)
- 4.2 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Region
- 4.2.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Region: 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 4.2.2 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Region (2021-2026)
- 4.2.3 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Region (2027-2032)
- 4.2.4 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue Market Share by Region (2021-2032)
- 4.3 Global Speedometer Needles Sales Estimates and Forecasts 2021-2032
- 4.4 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Region
- 4.4.1 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Region: 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 4.4.2 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Region (2021-2026)
- 4.4.3 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Region (2027-2032)
- 4.4.4 Global Speedometer Needles Sales Market Share by Region (2021-2032)
- 4.5 North America
- 4.6 Europe
- 4.7 China
- 4.8 Asia (Excluding China)
- 4.9 South America, Middle East and Africa
5 Market Competitive Landscape by Manufacturers
- 5.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Manufacturers
- 5.1.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.1.2 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.1.3 Global Speedometer Needles Manufacturers Revenue Share Top 10 and Top 5 in 2025
- 5.2 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Manufacturers
- 5.2.1 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.2.2 Global Speedometer Needles Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.2.3 Global Speedometer Needles Manufacturers Sales Share Top 10 and Top 5 in 2025
- 5.3 Global Speedometer Needles Sales Price by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.4 Global Speedometer Needles Key Manufacturers Ranking, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2026
- 5.5 Global Speedometer Needles Key Manufacturers Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
- 5.6 Global Speedometer Needles Manufacturers, Product Type & Application
- 5.7 Global Speedometer Needles Manufacturers Commercialization Time
- 5.8 Market Competitive Analysis
- 5.8.1 Global Speedometer Needles Market CR5 and HHI
- 5.8.2 2025 Speedometer Needles Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3
6 Speedometer Needles Market by Type
- 6.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Type
- 6.1.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Type (2021-2032) & (US$ Million)
- 6.1.2 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2032)
- 6.2 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Type
- 6.2.1 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Type (2021-2032) & (K Units)
- 6.2.2 Global Speedometer Needles Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2032)
- 6.3 Global Speedometer Needles Price by Type
7 Speedometer Needles Market by Application
- 7.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Application
- 7.1.1 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue by Application (2021-2032) & (US$ Million)
- 7.1.2 Global Speedometer Needles Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2032)
- 7.2 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Application
- 7.2.1 Global Speedometer Needles Sales by Application (2021-2032) & (K Units)
- 7.2.2 Global Speedometer Needles Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2032)
- 7.3 Global Speedometer Needles Price by Application
8 Company Profiles
- 8.1 Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory
- 8.1.1 Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory Company Information
- 8.1.2 Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory Business Overview
- 8.1.3 Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.1.4 Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.1.5 Yuyao Shunbao Instrument Pointer Factory Recent Developments
- 8.2 Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology
- 8.2.1 Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology Company Information
- 8.2.2 Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology Business Overview
- 8.2.3 Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.2.4 Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.2.5 Ningbo Jinhui Optical Technology Recent Developments
- 8.3 Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products
- 8.3.1 Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products Company Information
- 8.3.2 Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products Business Overview
- 8.3.3 Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.3.4 Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.3.5 Ningbo Dongfa Plastic Products Recent Developments
- 8.4 Visteon
- 8.4.1 Visteon Company Information
- 8.4.2 Visteon Business Overview
- 8.4.3 Visteon Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.4.4 Visteon Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.4.5 Visteon Recent Developments
- 8.5 Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL)
- 8.5.1 Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL) Company Information
- 8.5.2 Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL) Business Overview
- 8.5.3 Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL) Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.5.4 Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL) Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.5.5 Pricol Engineering Industries Private Limited(PEIPL) Recent Developments
- 8.6 Magneti Marelli
- 8.6.1 Magneti Marelli Company Information
- 8.6.2 Magneti Marelli Business Overview
- 8.6.3 Magneti Marelli Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.6.4 Magneti Marelli Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.6.5 Magneti Marelli Recent Developments
- 8.7 ISS Automotive
- 8.7.1 ISS Automotive Company Information
- 8.7.2 ISS Automotive Business Overview
- 8.7.3 ISS Automotive Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.7.4 ISS Automotive Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.7.5 ISS Automotive Recent Developments
- 8.8 Imtronics Industries
- 8.8.1 Imtronics Industries Company Information
- 8.8.2 Imtronics Industries Business Overview
- 8.8.3 Imtronics Industries Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.8.4 Imtronics Industries Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.8.5 Imtronics Industries Recent Developments
- 8.9 Heiler Tachodesign
- 8.9.1 Heiler Tachodesign Company Information
- 8.9.2 Heiler Tachodesign Business Overview
- 8.9.3 Heiler Tachodesign Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.9.4 Heiler Tachodesign Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.9.5 Heiler Tachodesign Recent Developments
- 8.10 Denso
- 8.10.1 Denso Company Information
- 8.10.2 Denso Business Overview
- 8.10.3 Denso Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.10.4 Denso Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.10.5 Denso Recent Developments
- 8.11 Delphi
- 8.11.1 Delphi Company Information
- 8.11.2 Delphi Business Overview
- 8.11.3 Delphi Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.11.4 Delphi Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.11.5 Delphi Recent Developments
- 8.12 Continental
- 8.12.1 Continental Company Information
- 8.12.2 Continental Business Overview
- 8.12.3 Continental Speedometer Needles Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.12.4 Continental Speedometer Needles Product Portfolio
- 8.12.5 Continental Recent Developments
9 North America
- 9.1 North America Speedometer Needles Market Size by Type
- 9.1.1 North America Speedometer Needles Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 9.1.2 North America Speedometer Needles Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 9.1.3 North America Speedometer Needles Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 9.2 North America Speedometer Needles Market Size by Application
- 9.2.1 North America Speedometer Needles Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 9.2.2 North America Speedometer Needles Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 9.2.3 North America Speedometer Needles Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 9.3 North America Speedometer Needles Market Size by Country
- 9.3.1 North America Speedometer Needles Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 9.3.2 North America Speedometer Needles Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 9.3.3 North America Speedometer Needles Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 9.3.4 United States
- 9.3.5 Canada
- 9.3.6 Mexico
10 Europe
- 10.1 Europe Speedometer Needles Market Size by Type
- 10.1.1 Europe Speedometer Needles Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 10.1.2 Europe Speedometer Needles Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 10.1.3 Europe Speedometer Needles Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 10.2 Europe Speedometer Needles Market Size by Application
- 10.2.1 Europe Speedometer Needles Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 10.2.2 Europe Speedometer Needles Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 10.2.3 Europe Speedometer Needles Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 10.3 Europe Speedometer Needles Market Size by Country
- 10.3.1 Europe Speedometer Needles Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 10.3.2 Europe Speedometer Needles Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 10.3.3 Europe Speedometer Needles Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 10.3.4 Germany
- 10.3.5 France
- 10.3.6 U.K.
- 10.3.7 Italy
- 10.3.8 Russia
- 10.3.9 Spain
- 10.3.10 Netherlands
- 10.3.11 Switzerland
- 10.3.12 Sweden
11 China
- 11.1 China Speedometer Needles Market Size by Type
- 11.1.1 China Speedometer Needles Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 11.1.2 China Speedometer Needles Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 11.1.3 China Speedometer Needles Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 11.2 China Speedometer Needles Market Size by Application
- 11.2.1 China Speedometer Needles Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 11.2.2 China Speedometer Needles Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 11.2.3 China Speedometer Needles Price by Application (2021-2032)
12 Asia (Excluding China)
- 12.1 Asia Speedometer Needles Market Size by Type
- 12.1.1 Asia Speedometer Needles Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 12.1.2 Asia Speedometer Needles Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 12.1.3 Asia Speedometer Needles Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 12.2 Asia Speedometer Needles Market Size by Application
- 12.2.1 Asia Speedometer Needles Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 12.2.2 Asia Speedometer Needles Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 12.2.3 Asia Speedometer Needles Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 12.3 Asia Speedometer Needles Market Size by Country
- 12.3.1 Asia Speedometer Needles Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 12.3.2 Asia Speedometer Needles Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 12.3.3 Asia Speedometer Needles Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 12.3.4 Japan
- 12.3.5 South Korea
- 12.3.6 India
- 12.3.7 Australia
- 12.3.8 Taiwan
- 12.3.9 Southeast Asia
13 South America, Middle East and Africa
- 13.1 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Market Size by Type
- 13.1.1 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 13.1.2 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 13.1.3 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 13.2 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Market Size by Application
- 13.2.1 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 13.2.2 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 13.2.3 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 13.3 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Market Size by Country
- 13.3.1 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 13.3.2 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 13.3.3 SAMEA Speedometer Needles Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 13.3.4 Brazil
- 13.3.5 Argentina
- 13.3.6 Chile
- 13.3.7 Colombia
- 13.3.8 Peru
- 13.3.9 Saudi Arabia
- 13.3.10 Israel
- 13.3.11 UAE
- 13.3.12 Turkey
- 13.3.13 Iran
- 13.3.14 Egypt
14 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
- 14.1 Speedometer Needles Value Chain Analysis
- 14.1.1 Speedometer Needles Key Raw Materials
- 14.1.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
- 14.1.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
- 14.1.4 Speedometer Needles Production Mode & Process
- 14.2 Speedometer Needles Sales Channels Analysis
- 14.2.1 Direct Comparison with Distribution Share
- 14.2.2 Speedometer Needles Distributors
- 14.2.3 Speedometer Needles Customers
15 Concluding Insights
16 Appendix
- 16.1 Reasons for Doing This Study
- 16.2 Research Methodology
- 16.3 Research Process
- 16.4 Authors List of This Report
- 16.5 Data Source
- 16.5.1 Secondary Sources
- 16.5.2 Primary Sources
- 16.6 Disclaimer
GET THE RESEARCH
Choose your license.
Choose who needs access.
All options are for this report and research series.
PDF by email within 3–5 working days after payment confirmation.
Talk to an analyst