APO RESEARCH · REPORT
Underlayment
Underlayment is the layer of material directly beneath your floor covering. If you were to tear up the flooring in your home, you would likely find many layers. When you removed the floor covering, also called the finish floor, you’d expose the underlay. Remove that, and you would find a subfloor such as OSB (oriented strand board), plywood or concrete. A moisture and/or vapor barrier might be found among the layers too, especially in basement flooring, or the underlay might include a barrier in its construction.
Product & engineering
Understand the product.
Underlayment is the layer of material directly beneath your floor covering. If you were to tear up the flooring in your home, you would likely find many layers. When you removed the floor covering, also called the finish floor, you’d expose the underlay. Remove that, and you would find a subfloor such as OSB (oriented strand board), plywood or concrete. A moisture and/or vapor barrier might be found among the layers too, especially in basement flooring, or the underlay might include a barrier in its construction.
Selected research
Market Analysis & Forecast
Global Underlayment Market Analysis and Forecast 2026-2032
Market perspective
Underlayment is the layer of material directly beneath your floor covering. If you were to tear up the flooring in your home, you would likely find many layers. When you removed the floor covering, also called the finish floor, you’d expose the underlay. Remove that, and you would find a subfloor such as OSB (oriented strand board), plywood or concrete. A moisture and/or vapor barrier might be found among the layers too, especially in basement flooring, or the underlay might include a barrier in its construction.
The key players of Underlayment include Leggett & Platt, James Hardie, etc. The top three players of Underlayment account for approximately 20% of the total market. North America is the largest market of Underlayment accounting for about 31% followed by Asia-Pacific and Europe. In terms of Type, CBU is the largest segment, with a share about 28%. And in terms of Application, the largest application is Tile Flooring, followed by Laminate Flooring.
This report presents an overview of global market for Underlayment, capacity, output, revenue and price. Analyses of the global market trends, with historic market revenue or sales data for 2021 - 2025, estimates for 2026, and projections of CAGR through 2032.
Read the full market overview
This report researches the key producers of Underlayment, also provides the consumption of main regions and countries. Of the upcoming market potential for Underlayment, and key regions or countries of focus to forecast this market into various segments and sub-segments. Country specific data and market value analysis for the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Brazil, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Germany, the U.K., Italy, Middle East, Africa, and Other Countries.
This report focuses on the Underlayment sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking of main manufacturers, data from 2021 to 2026. Identification of the major stakeholders in the global Underlayment market, and analysis of their competitive landscape and market positioning based on recent developments and segmental revenues. This report will help stakeholders to understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights and position their businesses and market strategies in a better way.
This report analyzes the segments data by Type and by Application, sales, revenue, and price, from 2021 to 2032. Evaluation and forecast the market size for Underlayment sales, projected growth trends, production technology, application and end-user industry.
Underlayment Segment by Company
USG
James Hardie
Leggett & Platt
National Gypsum
Custom Building
QEP
MP Global
Swiss Krono
AcoustiCORK
Manton
Pak-Lite
Sealed-Air
Foam Products
Ultimate Rb
Patriot Timber
Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material
Schluter Systems
Underlayment Segment by Type
CBU
Polyethylene
Rubber
Cork
Plywood
Others
Underlayment Segment by Application
Tile Flooring
Laminate Flooring
Vinyl Flooring
Carpet Flooring
Hardwood Flooring
Others
Underlayment Segment by Region
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Spain
Netherlands
Switzerland
Sweden
Poland
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
Taiwan
Southeast Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Türkiye
GCC Countries
Study Objectives
1. To analyze and research the global status and future forecast, involving, production, value, consumption, growth rate (CAGR), market share, historical and forecast.
2. To present the key manufacturers, capacity, production, revenue, market share, and Recent Developments.
3. To split the breakdown data by regions, type, manufacturers, and Application.
4. To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints, and risks.
5. To identify significant trends, drivers, influence factors in global and regions.
6. To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
Reasons to Buy This Report
1. This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global Underlayment market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
2. This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of Underlayment and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
3. This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
4. This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market.
5. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally.
6. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of Underlayment.
7. This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by type and by application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 2: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 3: Underlayment production/output of global and key producers (regions/countries). It provides a quantitative analysis of the production, and development potential of each producer in the next six years.
Chapter 4: Sales (consumption), revenue of Underlayment in global, regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 5: Detailed analysis of Underlayment manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 6: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 7: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 8: Provides profiles of key manufacturers, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product descriptions and specifications, Underlayment sales, revenue, price, gross margin, and recent development, etc.
Chapter 9: North America by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 10: Europe by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 11: China by type, by application, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 12: Asia (Excluding China) by type, by application and by region, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 13: South America, Middle East and Africa by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 14: Analysis of industrial chain, sales channel, key raw materials, distributors and customers.
Chapter 15: The main concluding insights of the report.
More report detail
Tables and figures
Scope & coverage.
Types
- CBU
- Polyethylene
- Rubber
- Cork
- Plywood
- Others
Applications
- Tile Flooring
- Laminate Flooring
- Vinyl Flooring
- Carpet Flooring
- Hardwood Flooring
- Others
Companies covered
- USG
- James Hardie
- Leggett & Platt
- National Gypsum
- Custom Building
- QEP
- MP Global
- Swiss Krono
- AcoustiCORK
- Manton
- Pak-Lite
- Sealed-Air
- Foam Products
- Ultimate Rb
- Patriot Timber
- Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material
- Schluter Systems
Inside the report.
1 Market Overview
- 1.1 Product Definition
- 1.2 Underlayment Market by Type
- 1.2.1 Global Underlayment Market Size by Type, 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 1.2.2 CBU
- 1.2.3 Polyethylene
- 1.2.4 Rubber
- 1.2.5 Cork
- 1.2.6 Plywood
- 1.2.7 Others
- 1.3 Underlayment Market by Application
- 1.3.1 Global Underlayment Market Size by Application, 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 1.3.2 Tile Flooring
- 1.3.3 Laminate Flooring
- 1.3.4 Vinyl Flooring
- 1.3.5 Carpet Flooring
- 1.3.6 Hardwood Flooring
- 1.3.7 Others
- 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
- 1.5 Study Goals and Objectives
2 Underlayment Market Dynamics
- 2.1 Underlayment Industry Trends
- 2.2 Underlayment Industry Drivers
- 2.3 Underlayment Industry Opportunities and Challenges
- 2.4 Underlayment Industry Restraints
3 Global Underlayment Production Overview
- 3.1 Global Underlayment Production Capacity (2021-2032)
- 3.2 Global Underlayment Production by Region: 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 3.3 Global Underlayment Production by Region
- 3.3.1 Global Underlayment Production by Region (2021-2026)
- 3.3.2 Global Underlayment Production by Region (2027-2032)
- 3.3.3 Global Underlayment Production Market Share by Region (2021-2032)
- 3.4 North America
- 3.5 Europe
- 3.6 China
- 3.7 Japan
4 Global Market Growth Prospects
- 4.1 Global Underlayment Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2021-2032)
- 4.2 Global Underlayment Revenue by Region
- 4.2.1 Global Underlayment Revenue by Region: 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 4.2.2 Global Underlayment Revenue by Region (2021-2026)
- 4.2.3 Global Underlayment Revenue by Region (2027-2032)
- 4.2.4 Global Underlayment Revenue Market Share by Region (2021-2032)
- 4.3 Global Underlayment Sales Estimates and Forecasts 2021-2032
- 4.4 Global Underlayment Sales by Region
- 4.4.1 Global Underlayment Sales by Region: 2021 VS 2025 VS 2032
- 4.4.2 Global Underlayment Sales by Region (2021-2026)
- 4.4.3 Global Underlayment Sales by Region (2027-2032)
- 4.4.4 Global Underlayment Sales Market Share by Region (2021-2032)
- 4.5 North America
- 4.6 Europe
- 4.7 China
- 4.8 Asia (Excluding China)
- 4.9 South America, Middle East and Africa
5 Market Competitive Landscape by Manufacturers
- 5.1 Global Underlayment Revenue by Manufacturers
- 5.1.1 Global Underlayment Revenue by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.1.2 Global Underlayment Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.1.3 Global Underlayment Manufacturers Revenue Share Top 10 and Top 5 in 2025
- 5.2 Global Underlayment Sales by Manufacturers
- 5.2.1 Global Underlayment Sales by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.2.2 Global Underlayment Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.2.3 Global Underlayment Manufacturers Sales Share Top 10 and Top 5 in 2025
- 5.3 Global Underlayment Sales Price by Manufacturers (2021-2026)
- 5.4 Global Underlayment Key Manufacturers Ranking, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2026
- 5.5 Global Underlayment Key Manufacturers Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
- 5.6 Global Underlayment Manufacturers, Product Type & Application
- 5.7 Global Underlayment Manufacturers Commercialization Time
- 5.8 Market Competitive Analysis
- 5.8.1 Global Underlayment Market CR5 and HHI
- 5.8.2 2025 Underlayment Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3
6 Underlayment Market by Type
- 6.1 Global Underlayment Revenue by Type
- 6.1.1 Global Underlayment Revenue by Type (2021-2032) & (US$ Million)
- 6.1.2 Global Underlayment Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2032)
- 6.2 Global Underlayment Sales by Type
- 6.2.1 Global Underlayment Sales by Type (2021-2032) & (K Sq.m.)
- 6.2.2 Global Underlayment Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2032)
- 6.3 Global Underlayment Price by Type
7 Underlayment Market by Application
- 7.1 Global Underlayment Revenue by Application
- 7.1.1 Global Underlayment Revenue by Application (2021-2032) & (US$ Million)
- 7.1.2 Global Underlayment Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2032)
- 7.2 Global Underlayment Sales by Application
- 7.2.1 Global Underlayment Sales by Application (2021-2032) & (K Sq.m.)
- 7.2.2 Global Underlayment Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2032)
- 7.3 Global Underlayment Price by Application
8 Company Profiles
- 8.1 USG
- 8.1.1 USG Company Information
- 8.1.2 USG Business Overview
- 8.1.3 USG Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.1.4 USG Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.1.5 USG Recent Developments
- 8.2 James Hardie
- 8.2.1 James Hardie Company Information
- 8.2.2 James Hardie Business Overview
- 8.2.3 James Hardie Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.2.4 James Hardie Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.2.5 James Hardie Recent Developments
- 8.3 Leggett & Platt
- 8.3.1 Leggett & Platt Company Information
- 8.3.2 Leggett & Platt Business Overview
- 8.3.3 Leggett & Platt Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.3.4 Leggett & Platt Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.3.5 Leggett & Platt Recent Developments
- 8.4 National Gypsum
- 8.4.1 National Gypsum Company Information
- 8.4.2 National Gypsum Business Overview
- 8.4.3 National Gypsum Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.4.4 National Gypsum Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.4.5 National Gypsum Recent Developments
- 8.5 Custom Building
- 8.5.1 Custom Building Company Information
- 8.5.2 Custom Building Business Overview
- 8.5.3 Custom Building Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.5.4 Custom Building Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.5.5 Custom Building Recent Developments
- 8.6 QEP
- 8.6.1 QEP Company Information
- 8.6.2 QEP Business Overview
- 8.6.3 QEP Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.6.4 QEP Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.6.5 QEP Recent Developments
- 8.7 MP Global
- 8.7.1 MP Global Company Information
- 8.7.2 MP Global Business Overview
- 8.7.3 MP Global Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.7.4 MP Global Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.7.5 MP Global Recent Developments
- 8.8 Swiss Krono
- 8.8.1 Swiss Krono Company Information
- 8.8.2 Swiss Krono Business Overview
- 8.8.3 Swiss Krono Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.8.4 Swiss Krono Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.8.5 Swiss Krono Recent Developments
- 8.9 AcoustiCORK
- 8.9.1 AcoustiCORK Company Information
- 8.9.2 AcoustiCORK Business Overview
- 8.9.3 AcoustiCORK Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.9.4 AcoustiCORK Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.9.5 AcoustiCORK Recent Developments
- 8.10 Manton
- 8.10.1 Manton Company Information
- 8.10.2 Manton Business Overview
- 8.10.3 Manton Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.10.4 Manton Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.10.5 Manton Recent Developments
- 8.11 Pak-Lite
- 8.11.1 Pak-Lite Company Information
- 8.11.2 Pak-Lite Business Overview
- 8.11.3 Pak-Lite Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.11.4 Pak-Lite Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.11.5 Pak-Lite Recent Developments
- 8.12 Sealed-Air
- 8.12.1 Sealed-Air Company Information
- 8.12.2 Sealed-Air Business Overview
- 8.12.3 Sealed-Air Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.12.4 Sealed-Air Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.12.5 Sealed-Air Recent Developments
- 8.13 Foam Products
- 8.13.1 Foam Products Company Information
- 8.13.2 Foam Products Business Overview
- 8.13.3 Foam Products Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.13.4 Foam Products Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.13.5 Foam Products Recent Developments
- 8.14 Ultimate Rb
- 8.14.1 Ultimate Rb Company Information
- 8.14.2 Ultimate Rb Business Overview
- 8.14.3 Ultimate Rb Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.14.4 Ultimate Rb Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.14.5 Ultimate Rb Recent Developments
- 8.15 Patriot Timber
- 8.15.1 Patriot Timber Company Information
- 8.15.2 Patriot Timber Business Overview
- 8.15.3 Patriot Timber Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.15.4 Patriot Timber Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.15.5 Patriot Timber Recent Developments
- 8.16 Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material
- 8.16.1 Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material Company Information
- 8.16.2 Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material Business Overview
- 8.16.3 Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.16.4 Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.16.5 Changzhou Highsun Decorative Material Recent Developments
- 8.17 Schluter Systems
- 8.17.1 Schluter Systems Company Information
- 8.17.2 Schluter Systems Business Overview
- 8.17.3 Schluter Systems Underlayment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)
- 8.17.4 Schluter Systems Underlayment Product Portfolio
- 8.17.5 Schluter Systems Recent Developments
9 North America
- 9.1 North America Underlayment Market Size by Type
- 9.1.1 North America Underlayment Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 9.1.2 North America Underlayment Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 9.1.3 North America Underlayment Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 9.2 North America Underlayment Market Size by Application
- 9.2.1 North America Underlayment Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 9.2.2 North America Underlayment Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 9.2.3 North America Underlayment Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 9.3 North America Underlayment Market Size by Country
- 9.3.1 North America Underlayment Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 9.3.2 North America Underlayment Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 9.3.3 North America Underlayment Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 9.3.4 United States
- 9.3.5 Canada
- 9.3.6 Mexico
10 Europe
- 10.1 Europe Underlayment Market Size by Type
- 10.1.1 Europe Underlayment Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 10.1.2 Europe Underlayment Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 10.1.3 Europe Underlayment Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 10.2 Europe Underlayment Market Size by Application
- 10.2.1 Europe Underlayment Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 10.2.2 Europe Underlayment Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 10.2.3 Europe Underlayment Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 10.3 Europe Underlayment Market Size by Country
- 10.3.1 Europe Underlayment Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 10.3.2 Europe Underlayment Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 10.3.3 Europe Underlayment Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 10.3.4 Germany
- 10.3.5 France
- 10.3.6 U.K.
- 10.3.7 Italy
- 10.3.8 Russia
- 10.3.9 Spain
- 10.3.10 Netherlands
- 10.3.11 Switzerland
- 10.3.12 Sweden
11 China
- 11.1 China Underlayment Market Size by Type
- 11.1.1 China Underlayment Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 11.1.2 China Underlayment Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 11.1.3 China Underlayment Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 11.2 China Underlayment Market Size by Application
- 11.2.1 China Underlayment Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 11.2.2 China Underlayment Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 11.2.3 China Underlayment Price by Application (2021-2032)
12 Asia (Excluding China)
- 12.1 Asia Underlayment Market Size by Type
- 12.1.1 Asia Underlayment Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 12.1.2 Asia Underlayment Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 12.1.3 Asia Underlayment Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 12.2 Asia Underlayment Market Size by Application
- 12.2.1 Asia Underlayment Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 12.2.2 Asia Underlayment Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 12.2.3 Asia Underlayment Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 12.3 Asia Underlayment Market Size by Country
- 12.3.1 Asia Underlayment Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 12.3.2 Asia Underlayment Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 12.3.3 Asia Underlayment Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 12.3.4 Japan
- 12.3.5 South Korea
- 12.3.6 India
- 12.3.7 Australia
- 12.3.8 Taiwan
- 12.3.9 Southeast Asia
13 South America, Middle East and Africa
- 13.1 SAMEA Underlayment Market Size by Type
- 13.1.1 SAMEA Underlayment Revenue by Type (2021-2032)
- 13.1.2 SAMEA Underlayment Sales by Type (2021-2032)
- 13.1.3 SAMEA Underlayment Price by Type (2021-2032)
- 13.2 SAMEA Underlayment Market Size by Application
- 13.2.1 SAMEA Underlayment Revenue by Application (2021-2032)
- 13.2.2 SAMEA Underlayment Sales by Application (2021-2032)
- 13.2.3 SAMEA Underlayment Price by Application (2021-2032)
- 13.3 SAMEA Underlayment Market Size by Country
- 13.3.1 SAMEA Underlayment Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 13.3.2 SAMEA Underlayment Sales by Country (2021 VS 2025 VS 2032)
- 13.3.3 SAMEA Underlayment Price by Country (2021-2032)
- 13.3.4 Brazil
- 13.3.5 Argentina
- 13.3.6 Chile
- 13.3.7 Colombia
- 13.3.8 Peru
- 13.3.9 Saudi Arabia
- 13.3.10 Israel
- 13.3.11 UAE
- 13.3.12 Turkey
- 13.3.13 Iran
- 13.3.14 Egypt
14 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
- 14.1 Underlayment Value Chain Analysis
- 14.1.1 Underlayment Key Raw Materials
- 14.1.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
- 14.1.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
- 14.1.4 Underlayment Production Mode & Process
- 14.2 Underlayment Sales Channels Analysis
- 14.2.1 Direct Comparison with Distribution Share
- 14.2.2 Underlayment Distributors
- 14.2.3 Underlayment Customers
15 Concluding Insights
16 Appendix
- 16.1 Reasons for Doing This Study
- 16.2 Research Methodology
- 16.3 Research Process
- 16.4 Authors List of This Report
- 16.5 Data Source
- 16.5.1 Secondary Sources
- 16.5.2 Primary Sources
- 16.6 Disclaimer
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