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A sound level meter is used for acoustic (sound that travels through air) measurements. It is commonly a hand-held instrument with a microphone. The diaphragm of the microphone responds to changes in air pressure caused by sound waves. That is why the instrument is sometimes referred to as a Sound Pressure Level (SPL) Meter. A microphone is distinguishable by the voltage value produced when a known, constant sound pressure is applied. This is known as the microphone sensitivity. The instrument needs to know the sensitivity of the particular microphone being used. Using this information, the instrument is able to accurately convert the electrical signal back to a sound pressure, and display the resulting sound pressure level (decibels dB SPL). The most recent standards for sound level meters are international standard BS EN 61672:2013 or IEC 61672:2013 and these have superseded most previous standards. This report mainly focuses on the sound level meters compliance with IEC 61672:2013, instead of simple sound level indicators usually less than $600.
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