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Immunoglobulin Y (abbreviated as IgY) is a type of immunoglobulin which is the major antibody in bird, reptile, and lungfish blood. It is also found in high concentrations in chicken egg yolk. As with the other immunoglobulins, IgY is a class of proteins which are formed by the immune system in reaction to certain foreign substances, and specifically recognize them. IgY antibodies have a different structure from IgG, particularly in the Fc and hinge regions. The affinity maturation process of IgY is also different from IgG. These biological features underlie IgY's competitive advantages over IgG. Shown in the four panels are several comparisons between IgY and IgG. IgY is a hen egg polyclonal antibody. Hen eggs contain more than 450 separate antibodies and when consumed, are not rejected by the human immune system. The scientific community has long known that IgY has the proven ability to modulate immune systems. The G.I. tract is the typical entry point for foreign pathogens. By removing pathogens IgY can alleviate stress on the overall system thereby optimizing the body’s natural defense systems. When consumed orally or topically, IgY can identify and attack foreign pathogens that enter via the gut. Antibodies work on both viral and bacterial infections possibly reducing the need for antibiotics. IgY antibodies have been studied extensively by many government, university and private industry research groups over the years, all concluding the efficacy of IgY in improving overall health. IgY has been used safely in nutraceuticals and vitamins for many years.
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