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Coherent optical communication equipment includes semiconductor lasers and photodiodes for optical transceiver modules and board level design, as well as wavelength-tunable lasers and optical receivers for optical coherent communication devices in the backbone systems. Coherent optical communication involves the following key technologies: Polarization multiplexing and higher-order modulation: the orthogonal polarization characteristics and phase information of light are used to divide the original signal into two signals for multiple times, which greatly reduces the electrical-layer processing rate required. Coherent receiver technology: a local oscillator laser that has the same frequency as the received signal is used to implement interference between the laser signal and the received signal to restore the amplitude, phase, and polarization state information from the received signal. DSP technology: the DSP technology is used to resolve signal distortion and latency problems caused by dispersion at the electrical signal layer. It compensates for PMD and CD, greatly improving the PMD and CD tolerance. High-performance FEC algorithm: FEC is used to improve the OSNR tolerance of the system. Different FEC types and overhead ratios can be designed for different rates, modulation formats, and transmission performance requirements.
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